Testing

Overview

FKApi uses pytest for testing with comprehensive coverage of API endpoints, models, services, and scrapers. This guide covers running tests, writing new tests, and maintaining test quality.

Test Configuration

Pytest Settings

Test configuration is defined in pytest.ini:

[pytest]
DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE = test_settings
python_files = tests.py test_*.py *_tests.py
addopts = -v --tb=short --reuse-db --nomigrations --cov=core --cov-report=term-missing --cov-report=html --cov-report=xml
testpaths = fkapi
norecursedirs = .* venv .venv
pythonpath = . fkapi
markers =
    slow: marks tests as slow (deselect with '-m "not slow"')
    integration: marks tests as integration tests
    unit: marks tests as unit tests

Test Settings

Tests use a separate settings file (fkapi/test_settings.py) with:

SQLite database: Faster than PostgreSQL for testing
Local memory cache: No Redis required
Disabled Celery: Tests run synchronously
Simplified middleware: Only essential middleware enabled

# Database: SQLite for speed
DATABASES = {
    "default": {
        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
        "NAME": BASE_DIR / "test_db.sqlite3",
    }
}

# Cache: Local memory
CACHES = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "django.core.cache.backends.locmem.LocMemCache",
        "LOCATION": "unique-snowflake",
    }
}

# Celery: Disabled for tests
ENABLE_CELERY = False

Running Tests

Basic Commands

# Run all tests
pytest

# Run with verbose output
pytest -v

# Run specific test file
pytest fkapi/core/tests/test_api.py

# Run specific test function
pytest fkapi/core/tests/test_api.py::test_get_kit_by_slug

# Run specific test class
pytest fkapi/core/tests/test_models.py::TestKitModel

Using Test Markers

# Run only unit tests
pytest -m unit

# Run only integration tests
pytest -m integration

# Skip slow tests
pytest -m "not slow"

# Run fast unit tests only
pytest -m "unit and not slow"

Coverage Reports

# Run with coverage (terminal output)
pytest --cov=fkapi/core --cov-report=term-missing

# Generate HTML coverage report
pytest --cov=fkapi/core --cov-report=html
# Open htmlcov/index.html in browser

# Generate XML coverage report (for CI/CD)
pytest --cov=fkapi/core --cov-report=xml

# Show lines not covered
pytest --cov=fkapi/core --cov-report=term-missing

Coverage Configuration

Coverage settings are defined in pyproject.toml:

[tool.coverage.run]
source = ["fkapi/core"]
omit = [
    "*/migrations/*",
    "*/tests/*",
    "*/test_*.py",
    "*/__pycache__/*",
    "*/venv/*",
    "*/.venv/*",
]

[tool.coverage.report]
exclude_lines = [
    "pragma: no cover",
    "def __repr__",
    "raise AssertionError",
    "raise NotImplementedError",
    "if __name__ == .__main__.:",
    "if TYPE_CHECKING:",
    "@abstractmethod",
]
show_missing = true
skip_covered = false
precision = 2

Test Structure

Test Organization

fkapi/core/tests/
├── __init__.py
├── test_api.py           # API endpoint tests
├── test_models.py        # Model tests
├── test_services.py      # Service layer tests
├── test_scrapers.py      # Scraper tests
├── test_parsers.py       # Parser tests
├── test_cache.py         # Cache utilities tests
├── test_middleware.py    # Middleware tests
├── test_celery.py        # Celery task tests
└── fixtures/             # Test fixtures and sample data
    ├── html_samples.py
    └── test_data.py

Test File Template

"""
Tests for [feature name].
"""
import pytest
from django.test import TestCase
from core.models import Kit, Club


class TestFeatureName(TestCase):
    """Test suite for feature name."""

    def setUp(self):
        """Set up test fixtures."""
        self.club = Club.objects.create(
            name="Arsenal",
            slug="arsenal-kits"
        )

    def tearDown(self):
        """Clean up after tests."""
        Kit.objects.all().delete()
        Club.objects.all().delete()

    def test_something(self):
        """Test description."""
        # Arrange
        expected = "value"

        # Act
        result = some_function()

        # Assert
        assert result == expected

    @pytest.mark.slow
    def test_slow_operation(self):
        """Test that takes a long time."""
        # Slow test code
        pass

Writing Tests

API Endpoint Tests

from django.test import Client

def test_get_kit_by_slug():
    """Test retrieving a kit by slug."""
    # Arrange
    client = Client()
    club = Club.objects.create(name="Arsenal", slug="arsenal-kits")
    kit = Kit.objects.create(
        slug="arsenal-2024-home",
        team=club,
        name="Arsenal 2024 Home Kit"
    )

    # Act
    response = client.get(f"/api/kits/{kit.slug}")

    # Assert
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json()["slug"] == kit.slug
    assert response.json()["name"] == kit.name

Model Tests

def test_kit_creation():
    """Test creating a Kit model."""
    # Arrange
    club = Club.objects.create(name="Arsenal", slug="arsenal-kits")

    # Act
    kit = Kit.objects.create(
        slug="arsenal-2024-home",
        team=club,
        name="Arsenal 2024 Home Kit"
    )

    # Assert
    assert kit.slug == "arsenal-2024-home"
    assert kit.team == club
    assert str(kit) == "Arsenal 2024 Home Kit"

Service Tests

from core.services.kits_service import KitsService

def test_kits_service_search():
    """Test kit search service."""
    # Arrange
    service = KitsService()
    Club.objects.create(name="Arsenal", slug="arsenal-kits")

    # Act
    results = service.search_kits(query="Arsenal")

    # Assert
    assert len(results) > 0
    assert "Arsenal" in results[0].name

Scraper Tests

from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
from core.scrapers import scrape_kit

@patch('core.scrapers.http_get')
def test_scrape_kit(mock_http_get):
    """Test kit scraping."""
    # Arrange
    mock_http_get.return_value = '<html>...</html>'

    # Act
    result = scrape_kit('arsenal-2024-home')

    # Assert
    assert result is not None
    assert result['slug'] == 'arsenal-2024-home'
    mock_http_get.assert_called_once()

Cache Tests

from django.core.cache import cache
from core.cache_utils import get_cached_kit

def test_cache_invalidation():
    """Test cache invalidation on model update."""
    # Arrange
    kit = Kit.objects.create(slug="test-kit", name="Test")
    cached = get_cached_kit(kit.slug)
    assert cached is not None

    # Act
    kit.name = "Updated"
    kit.save()

    # Assert
    cache_key = f"kit_{kit.slug}"
    assert cache.get(cache_key) is None

Test Fixtures

Using Pytest Fixtures

import pytest
from core.models import Club, Kit

@pytest.fixture
def sample_club():
    """Create a sample club for testing."""
    return Club.objects.create(
        name="Arsenal",
        slug="arsenal-kits"
    )

@pytest.fixture
def sample_kit(sample_club):
    """Create a sample kit for testing."""
    return Kit.objects.create(
        slug="arsenal-2024-home",
        team=sample_club,
        name="Arsenal 2024 Home Kit"
    )

def test_with_fixtures(sample_kit):
    """Test using fixtures."""
    assert sample_kit.slug == "arsenal-2024-home"
    assert sample_kit.team.name == "Arsenal"

HTML Fixtures

Store sample HTML in fixtures/html_samples.py:

SAMPLE_KIT_PAGE = """
<html>
  <body>
    <h1>Arsenal 2024 Home Kit</h1>
    <img src="/kits/arsenal-2024.jpg" />
  </body>
</html>
"""

Best Practices

Test Naming

Use descriptive names: test_get_kit_returns_404_when_not_found
Follow pattern: test_[function]_[scenario]_[expected]
Use docstrings to explain complex tests

Test Independence

def setUp(self):
    """Create fresh test data for each test."""
    cache.clear()  # Clear cache
    # Create test data

def tearDown(self):
    """Clean up after each test."""
    Kit.objects.all().delete()
    Club.objects.all().delete()

Mocking External Services

from unittest.mock import patch

@patch('core.scrapers.requests.get')
def test_scraper_handles_timeout(mock_get):
    """Test scraper handles timeouts gracefully."""
    mock_get.side_effect = TimeoutError()
    result = scrape_kit('test-slug')
    assert result is None

Testing Edge Cases

def test_empty_search_query():
    """Test search with empty query."""
    results = search_kits(query="")
    assert results == []

def test_invalid_slug():
    """Test API with invalid slug."""
    response = client.get("/api/kits/invalid!!!slug")
    assert response.status_code == 404

Continuous Integration

Tests run automatically on:

Every commit (pre-commit hooks)
Every pull request (GitHub Actions)
Before deployment

Pre-commit Tests

# .pre-commit-config.yaml
- id: pytest-celery-tests
  name: Pytest Celery Tests
  entry: bash -c 'python -m pytest fkapi/core/tests/test_celery.py -v --tb=short'
  language: system
  pass_filenames: false
  always_run: true
  stages: [commit]

Coverage Goals

Overall: >80% coverage
Critical paths: >90% coverage (API endpoints, models)
New code: 100% coverage required
Excluded: Migrations, test files, admin files

Checking Coverage

# Generate coverage report
pytest --cov=fkapi/core --cov-report=term-missing

# View in browser
pytest --cov=fkapi/core --cov-report=html
open htmlcov/index.html

Troubleshooting Tests

Tests Failing Locally

# Clear test database
rm fkapi/test_db.sqlite3

# Clear cache
python -c "from django.core.cache import cache; cache.clear()"

# Reinstall dependencies
pip install -r fkapi/requirements-dev.txt

# Run tests with verbose output
pytest -vv

Import Errors

Ensure pythonpath is set correctly in pytest.ini:

pythonpath = . fkapi

Database Errors

Tests use SQLite by default. Check test_settings.py is configured correctly.

Cache Issues

Clear cache in setUp() method:

def setUp(self):
    cache.clear()

Additional Resources

Remember: Good tests make confident refactoring possible!

Contributing

Reference

Overview

Test Configuration

Pytest Settings

Test Settings

Running Tests

Basic Commands

Using Test Markers

Coverage Reports

Coverage Configuration

Test Structure

Test Organization

Test File Template

Writing Tests

API Endpoint Tests

Model Tests

Service Tests

Scraper Tests

Cache Tests

Test Fixtures

Using Pytest Fixtures

HTML Fixtures

Best Practices

Test Naming

Test Independence

Mocking External Services

Testing Edge Cases

Continuous Integration

Pre-commit Tests

Coverage Goals

Checking Coverage

Troubleshooting Tests

Tests Failing Locally

Import Errors

Database Errors

Cache Issues

Additional Resources

Contributing

Reference

​Overview

​Test Configuration

​Pytest Settings

​Test Settings

​Running Tests

​Basic Commands

​Using Test Markers

​Coverage Reports

​Coverage Configuration

​Test Structure

​Test Organization

​Test File Template

​Writing Tests

​API Endpoint Tests

​Model Tests

​Service Tests

​Scraper Tests

​Cache Tests

​Test Fixtures

​Using Pytest Fixtures

​HTML Fixtures

​Best Practices

​Test Naming

​Test Independence

​Mocking External Services

​Testing Edge Cases

​Continuous Integration

​Pre-commit Tests

​Coverage Goals

​Checking Coverage

​Troubleshooting Tests

​Tests Failing Locally

​Import Errors

​Database Errors

​Cache Issues

​Additional Resources

Overview

Test Configuration

Pytest Settings

Test Settings

Running Tests

Basic Commands

Using Test Markers

Coverage Reports

Coverage Configuration

Test Structure

Test Organization

Test File Template

Writing Tests

API Endpoint Tests

Model Tests

Service Tests

Scraper Tests

Cache Tests

Test Fixtures

Using Pytest Fixtures

HTML Fixtures

Best Practices

Test Naming

Test Independence

Mocking External Services

Testing Edge Cases

Continuous Integration

Pre-commit Tests

Coverage Goals

Checking Coverage

Troubleshooting Tests

Tests Failing Locally

Import Errors

Database Errors

Cache Issues

Additional Resources